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The fifth plenary meeting of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in Beijing from October 26 to 29, 2020,The meeting reviewed and approved the "Suggestions on the Fourteen Five -year Planning of the National Economic and Social Development",Direction for the development of "Fourteen Five -Year Plan" and even longer、Clarified task,provides a basis and pointer for the establishment of the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" plan。The spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Party,It helps us to further understand the significance of the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan",To better grasp the strategic direction and key tasks of the "14th Five -Year Plan" development。
Deep understanding of the significance of planning
The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed the general tone of persistence and steady progress,Around the implementation of new development concepts、Deepen the supply -side structural reform、Build a new development pattern,closely linked to meet the people's growing good life needs,Strategic deployment,provides a basis and guidance policy for governments at all levels to study the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan"。"Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" plan as the front and back、Plan with a milestone,The significance is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
"Fourteen Five -Year Plan" plan is to enter the new era、The first five -year plan for opening a new journey of modernization。The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clarified that socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era,The main contradictions in our society have transformed into a contradiction between the people's growing good life needs and unbalanced and inadequate development,On the basis of fully building a well -off society in 2020,Fifteen years of struggle,Basically realized socialist modernization from 2035,On the basis of basically modernization,Fifteen years of struggle,In the middle of this century, we will build our country to build a wealthy, strong, democratic, civilized, harmonious and beautiful socialist modern power country。The "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" period is a well -off society in my country、After achieving the first century -old struggle goal,Open the new journey to build a new socialist country in a comprehensive construction of a socialist modernization、The first five years that marching to the second century -old target。It is necessary to consolidate and enhance the achievement of a well -off society in an all -round way,It is also necessary to achieve the first phase of struggle to achieve the first phase of the first phase of the hundred years, that is, basically realizing socialist modernization、Start up,lay a solid foundation。
The "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" plan is the first five -year plan for Xi Jinping's new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics。Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,The Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core conforms to the development of the times,In the theoretical and practical combination, the system answered what kind of socialist socialism insists on and developed in the new era、How to adhere to and develop a major era of socialism with Chinese characteristics,Founded Xi Jinping's thoughts of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era。Xi Jinping's thought of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era is to Marx Leninism、Mao Zedong Thought、Deng Xiaoping Theory、"Three Represents" important thoughts、Inheritance and development of scientific development concept,The latest achievement of Sinicization of Marxism,Is the crystallization of the practical experience of the party and the people and the collective wisdom,It is an important part of the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics,It is a guide to the people of the whole party and the whole country to strive to achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation,It must be continuously developed for a long time。"Fourteen Five -Year Plan" plan became the first five -year plan to adhere to Xi Jinping's new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics,It will continue to promote the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics to enter a new height and new realm。
"Fourteen Five -Year Plan" plan is to deal with the first five -year plan for the unreasonable change of a century。June 2018,General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out at the Central Foreign Affairs Working Conference,At present, China is in the best period of development since modern times,The world is in a big change in a hundred years,Simultaneous sky bet online casino interbby、Stiring each other。This is the biggest background of the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan",Rich connotation,Far -influence。Look from the world,A new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial change in depth development,Deep adjustment of international power comparison,New Grand Pneumonia's Epidemic Intellectual Intellectual Intelligence Speed Devil evolution,The international environment is becoming increasingly complicated,There is a big variable in the world's political and economic pattern,Unstable uncertainty increases significantly。Peace and development are still the theme of the times,Changes in the bureau and the coexistence of the same danger and the coexistence of the machine,There is both risk challenges,It can also be transferred to the machine。Generally speaking,The current and future period,my country's development is still in an important strategic opportunity period,But there are new development and changes in opportunities and challenges。"Fourteen Five -Year Plan" plan is to cultivate the first machine in the crisis、The first five -year plan of the new era in the new bureau in the change bureau。
Accurately grasp new changes and new requirements
Research and preparation of the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" plan,To keep positive innovation,Adapt to the new situation and new changes,Determine the new goal,Accelerate the formation of a new development pattern。
New development stage。The characteristics of adapting and grasping the new stage of development are the deserved meaning of the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" plan。The "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" period will enter the new stage of development。Look from the outside,International Economy、Technology、Culture、Security、Politics and other patterns are all undergoing profound adjustments,Dangerous and machine -existence。Look at it from China,my country has entered a stage of high -quality development,The main contradictions in society have undergone historic changes,There are many advantageous conditions,There are also problems with imbalance in development。We must unswervingly implement innovation、Coordination、Green、Open、Share new development concept,Persist in the general tone of the work of steady progress,Topic on promoting high -quality development,Taking reform and innovation as the fundamental motivation,The fundamental purpose is to meet the needs of the people's growing good life,Accelerate the construction of a modern economic system,Coordinated development and safety,Realize the economic stability and far away、Social stability and harmony。Highlight keywords such as "new development concepts", "high -quality development" and "security" in the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan",New requirements to adapt to the new stage of development。
New development pattern。Accelerate the construction of a large domestic cycle as the main body、The new development pattern of domestic and international dual cycles promotes each other is the biggest highlight of the "14th Five -Year Plan" plan。Building a new development pattern is a major strategic choice proposed by General Secretary Xi Jinping and the Party Central Committee to actively respond to changes in the situation at home and abroad,It provides a scientific path for improving the level of economic innovation in my country and enhancing new competition,It has the role of the "14th Five -Year Plan" planning。The international cycle is the concept proposed by the 1980s,The basic meaning is "Big Entry and Big Explosion,Both ends are outside ",Introduce foreign funds and resources,Including management and technology,Sold the product to sell it abroad,Use foreign resources,Opening a foreign market。At that time, China's opening to the outside world just started,So the dependence of foreign trade is relatively low。In 1978, my country's foreign trade dependence, that is, the proportion of total import and export accounted for GDP less than 10%,By 2006,my country's foreign trade dependence has exceeded 60%。The international cycle has produced a great role in promoting Sky bet football China's economic development,However,At the same time, the international market also allows a large number of industries to gather in coastal areas。2018,my country's urbanization level has exceeded 60%,means that 60%of our country's population has lived in cities and towns。The improvement of the level of urbanization brings the expansion of domestic consumer demand,my country's foreign trade dependence sky bet online sports betting in 2019 is 32%,It has been converted to domestic demand -based,But domestic demand is mainly investment demand,The "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" period must shift from mainly relying on investment needs to consumer demand,Forms a strong domestic market。Persist in expanding the strategic base point of domestic demand,Accelerate the cultivation of a complete domestic demand system,Organize the implementation of the strategy of expanding the domestic demand and deepening supply -side structural reforms,Give full play to the advantages of my country's oversized market and multi -level consumer investment demand,Constantly create new demand,Comprehensive promotion of consumption,Actively expand investment space,Establish and improve the supply and demand to promote each other、Long -term mechanism for the healthy interaction of consumption,Actively unblock domestic large cycle,Provide a strong support for the domestic market to accelerate the construction of a new development pattern,Realize higher levels and levels of supply and demand balance。Research and preparation of the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" outline,We must deeply grasp the connotation and strategic intent of the new development pattern of dual -circulation,Persist in expanding domestic demand as a strategic base point,Powerful support to the public with high levels,Enhance the systemicity of various measures for the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan",Strengthen coordination and cooperation in various fields,Accelerate the construction of a new development pattern。
New Development Objective。Establishing the development goal of the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" period is the inevitable organic connection of the "two hundred years" struggle.。Fully built a well -off society victory in hopes,We must fully summarize and affirm the historical achievements and decisive achievements achieved by the development of the "Thirteenth Five -Year Plan" period,More to anchor the long -view target of 2035,Met the new requirements for the development goals of the next five years,Let's have new expectations for the first five years of opening the new journey of a comprehensive construction of a socialist modernization country。For details,,Development goals in the next five years are reflected in the "six new",new results in economic development、Reform and opening up new steps、Social civilization has been newly improved、New progress in the construction of ecological civilization、The well -being of the people's livelihood has reached a new level and the national governance efficiency has been improved。"Six New" fully reflects the entire field of development of new development concepts throughout the development process、Highlight the theme requirements of high -quality development、Implementing the people -centered development idea,Let us solidly promote the development of the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" planning and development work.。
Clarify the focus and path of development
Fifth Plenary Session of the Fifth Fourteen Five -Year Plan period for key tasks,Clarify the focus and path of development,provides us with a basic follow of the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" plan for us to study。
Highlight the core position of innovation。Determine the self -reliance of technology as a strategic support for national development,Facing the forefront of world technology、For the main battlefield of the economy、Facing major national needs、For the health of the people,In -depth implementation of science and education strategy、Talent Strategy、Innovation -driven development strategy,Accelerate the construction of a strong country of science and technology,Accelerate the construction of a strong country of science and technology。This is to give full play to the key variable role of scientific and technological innovation in the unrealistic change of scientific and technological innovation,Develop motivation from enhancing technological innovation capabilities。"Fourteen Five -Year Plan" period,To strengthen the construction of scientific and technological innovation,Improve the scientific and technological innovation system,Stimulate the vitality of scientific and technological innovation in the whole society,Form the joint force of innovative development,Improve independent innovation ability。Each region should promote the improvement of scientific and technological innovation capabilities,Strengthen innovation collaboration,Enhance the role of scientific and technological innovation on the support of economic and social development。
Accelerate the development of the modern industrial system。Persist in putting the development of the economic focus on the real economy,firmly unswervingly build a manufacturing power、Quality Strong Country、Sky bet football Network strong country、Digital China,Promote the advanced industrial foundation、Modernization of the Industrial Chain,Promoting the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries,Develop and expand Strategic emerging industries,Accelerate the development of future industries,Improve the level of modern service industry,Coordinated to promote infrastructure construction and energy revolution,Actively play the role of digital traction,Improve the modern industrial system,Continue to promote the optimization and upgrade of the economic system。Each region should be based on the basic conditions of the industry,Accelerate the development of a modern industrial system with local characteristics and market competitiveness,Provide support for the construction of a manufacturing power。
Comprehensive deepening reform。Adhere to and improve the basic socialist economic system,Keep pushing reform to depth,Strictly stimulate the vitality of various market entities by deepening reform,Give full play to the decisive role of market allocation of resources,better play the role of the government,Good at using the reform measures to solve the problem to clear the blockbuster,Deepen the reform of key areas and key links,Create a market -oriented international business business environment。The government must make up for the lack of market failure,Create conditions for the role of the market mechanism,Promoting the effective market and the better combination of the government,Improve economic governance capabilities。To adhere to the problem orientation and goal -oriented,The top -level design of continuous strengthening reform,Give full play to the role of local practice exploration,Continuously promoting reform measures to take effect。
Priority to develop agricultural and rural areas。Comprehensive implementation of rural revitalization strategy,Persist in solving the problem of "agriculture, rural areas" as the top priority of the party's work,Reinforcement to supplement farming、Bring the village with the city,Construction of new types of workers, peasants, urban and rural relations,Promote the development of urban and rural integration,Accelerate the modernization of agricultural and rural areas。In this process,To ensure national food security,Improve agricultural quality and efficiency and competitiveness,Realize the effective connection of the results of consolidation of poverty alleviation.。Promoting the development of agriculture and rural areas must also follow objective laws,Conform to the trend of historical development,Protect the basic farmland、Rural culture and ecological environment,Effective guidance talents、Capital、Technology to the countryside,Can't make a coaxing、Invalid construction of blooming everywhere。
Promote regional coordinated development and new urbanization。Regional coordinated development is an inevitable choice under the conditions of my country's socialist market economy。It should be strengthened to support the old revolutionary district、Ethnic area、Frontier Region、Accelerate development of poor areas,Strengthening measures Promoting the development of a new pattern formed by the development of the western region,Deepen reforms and accelerate the revitalization of old industrial bases such as the Northeast,Give play to the advantage to promote the rise of the central region,Innovation leadership is the first to achieve optimization development in the eastern region,Establish a new mechanism for coordinated development of regional coordinated development。The goal of coordinated development in the region is "people" rather than "things",Not simply narrowing the gap between the economic aggregate between regions,Instead, the per capita income between different regions、The gap between living standards and public services。It should promote the areas that are not suitable for people to survive and rural residents who are underdeveloped to cities and developed areas.,Promote the transfer of industrial to underdeveloped areas。The orderly flow of the industry and population,The number of regional population is roughly consistent with the scale of GDP,Apply for the ability of population, industry and resources and environment to be adapted,Makes the proportion of GDPs in each region and the proportion of the population of living in the region,Gradually reduced the gap between Sky bet football the per capita GDP of each region。New urbanization is people -centered urbanization,While continuing to promote the gradual improvement of urbanization,Accelerate the citizen of agricultural transfer population,Urban pattern of coordinated development of large, medium and small cities and small towns with urban agglomerations。
Promote green development。Green is a common form of high -quality development,It is the most vivid background color for high -quality development。Respect the law of nature,Persist in the concept of green mountains and green mountains is the concept of Jinshan Yinshan,Place ecological protection in an important position,Persist in respecting nature、Advanced nature、Protection of nature,Persist in saving priority、Protection preferred、Natural recovery as the main,Improve the quality and stability of the ecosystem,Safe Ecological Security。At the same time,To improve the efficiency of resource utilization,Continue to improve environmental quality,Promoting the full green transformation of the economy and society,Going out a modern road that is harmonious and harmonious with nature。
Implement high -level opening to the outside world。The door to open to the outside world will only open to the outside world,Leading the construction of the “Belt and Road”,Persist in implementing a larger range、Wider field、Deeper open to the outside world,Promoting the construction of a higher level of open economic system,Actively participate in the reform of the global economic governance system,Realizing mutual benefit and win -win results in expanding international cooperation,Constantly create a new situation for opening up to the outside world,Provide strong support for domestic and international dual -cycle benign interaction。
Improve people's quality of life。Improve the quality of people's life is the most direct manifestation of the people -centered development thinking。To persist to achieve the realization、Maintenance、Development of the most vast people's fundamental interests as the starting point and end point for development,Improve people's income level,Construction of a high -quality education system,Improve the multi -level social security system,Comprehensively promote the construction of healthy China,Improve the social governance system for co -construction and co -governance sharing,Continuously enhance the people's sense of gain、Happiness sensation、Safety A sense,Promoting the comprehensive development of people and social progress in society。The plenary session proposes solidly promoting common prosperity,fully reflects the new requirements of higher -level new requirements and new goals at the new development stage。
Implement major regional strategies to comprehensively improve the quality of space development
"Thirteenth Five -Year Plan" period,my country has successively launched Beijing -Tianjin -Hebei coordinated development、Construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt、Construction of the Guangdong -Hong Kong -Macao Greater Bay Area、Integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta region、Ecological protection and high -quality development of the Yellow River Basin、Six regional strategies for the construction of Shuangcheng Economic Circle in Chengdu -Chongqing area。The launch of the new strategy of the region will deeply affect my country's economic and social development,Optimization of the local land and space pattern of my country。"Fourteen Five -Year Plan" period,These regional development strategies will enter the implementation stage,Leading through planning、Technology Innovation、City drive、Urban and rural fusion、Village Revitalization、Regional cooperation,Become the power source of "dual cycle"。
Beijing -Tianjin -Hebei、Yangtze River Delta、Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macau is the top three urban agglomerations in my country,The three major urban agglomerations are located in the eastern coastal area。The launch of the three major regional strategies,It is undoubtedly an upgraded version of Eastern's first development strategy。
The core of Beijing -Tianjin -Hebei Coordinated Development Strategy is the "big city disease" that govern Beijing,Form a reasonable urban system,Shining the development gap between Hebei Province and Beijing -Tianjin。High starting point plan、High Standard Construction Xiong'an New District,It is a millennium plan、National Event,Xiong'an Sky bet football will be like Shenzhen、Pudong has developed into a new regional economic growth pole。
The Guangdong -Hong Kong -Macao Greater Bay Area Strategy is the three Greater Bay Area (New York Bay Area、San Francisco Bay Area、Tokyo Bay Area) As a reference system,aiming at the highest level in the world,Improve technology innovation ability,Of course, I also want to give full play to the advantages of Hong Kong and Macao,Promoting Guangdong -Hong Kong -Macao integration,and solve the problems existing in Hong Kong。
The Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, whether it is the number of cities、City scale,Still the level of economic development,Duandan ranks first in the country,and have been among the world -class urban agglomerations,But the radiation force in the surrounding areas is not strong,Whether it is southern Zhejiang、northern Jiangsu,Is still Anhui in the West,Compared with it,There is still a very obvious gap。Therefore,The integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta region has become a national new regional development strategy,The purpose is to enhance the radiation and driving force of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration。
The latest regional development strategy launched is the construction of the Shuangcheng Economic Circle of Chengyu area。The "double city" of the dual -city economic circle is Chongqing and Chengdu,This is two metropolises in the western region,Sichuan Basin located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,Ancient known as "the Kingdom of Tianfu"。Development of the two major metropolises,can be integrated,Region with a larger range of radiation。First of all, it is necessary to realize the integration of the traffic system,Construct the urban circle on the track; secondly, the market integration must be achieved,Extend the industrial chain; third, we must realize the integration of basic public services; fourth to lead the development of the Southwest and the entire western region;、Rongxin Eurasia and Europe Channel,Through the Bange, China, India -Myanmar Economic Corridor,Through "New Land New Channel",Promoting the opening of inland areas to the outside world,Become the power source of the "Belt and Road" international regional cooperation strategy。
The construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the ecological protection and high -quality development of the Yellow River Basin are regional strategies that are different from the above four regional strategies.,The purpose is to coordinate the East China and the West、Coordinate North and South。The Yangtze River Economic Belt covers 11 provincial administrative regions in my country,Land area accounts for more than 20%nationwide,Population and GDP account for 40%nationwide,Three major areas across the east, Chinese and Western areas。The Yangtze River Economic Belt has the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration、The city agglomeration of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River、Chengdu -Chongqing Urban Group Three Cities Group,Relying on the Golden Waterway of the Yangtze River,closely linked the three major city agglomerations,It will become China's biggest and strongest economic upbeling。The Yellow River Basin is the same as the Yangtze River Economic Belt,Traversing East China and West。But the Yellow River water is much smaller than the Yangtze River,It must be fixed with water、Formation of water、Dingcheng city。Put the ecological protection first,Lift it before,Promoting high -quality economic development。There is Shandong Peninsula in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River、Central Plains and Guanzhong three city agglomerations。There is Zhengzhou、Jinan、Xi'an、Four Metropolitan Citys of Taiyuan,Future Lanzhou、Hohhot、Yinchuan will also develop into a city,and radiate the surrounding area,Form the metropolitan area with a radiation radius of 100 kilometers。Regional central cities along the Yellow River through the improvement function、Gathering economic elements,Radiation will drive the development of surrounding areas。Yangtze River、The Yellow River is two bonds,closely linked the Chinese land together,Through promoting regional integration development,It will accelerate the development of the central and western regions,and promote the coordinated development of the three major areas of the East, China and the West。(Xiao Jincheng Zhang Yan)
Viewpoint Quick Reading
Improve the full factor productivity
Looking at it from the middle and long term,The first challenge facing Sky bet football China's economic development is after completing the industrialization process,How to further increase the full factor productivity (TFP)。The second challenge is how to improve the position of the Chinese economy in the global value chain,A relative closed loop of the industrial supply chain in the new stage of globalization。The third challenge is our capital、Manpower、Land and other elements are not smooth,does not match the Chinese economy developed with high -quality development。This means that the "14th Five -Year Plan" must pay more attention to the high -quality development of the economy,Follow the balance of the industrial structure,Emphasize people's well -being,Adhere to the core position of innovation in the overall situation of modern construction,Development path of "demand -driven" and "innovation -driven" depending on the development path。
—— Liu Qiao, Dean of the School of Management, Peking University
Open the comprehensive transformation block
Build a new development pattern of dual -cycle,It means a comprehensive transformation of development,You need to adjust in a series of policies and corresponding systems,This change is quite difficult,Not happened overnight。First of all, the concept must be changed,Opening is not the purpose,Just a condition for development。Second system and policies must also be adjusted,Make it more conducive to unblocked internal circulation。At present, the inner loop still faces a variety of blocks in the system,These blocking points can only be solved by comprehensively deepening the system reform,Where the government speeds up the change of its own functions is the key。To build a new development pattern,Domestic demand expansion strategy that needs to be implemented。
—— Liu Shangxi, Dean of the Chinese Academy of Finance Sciences
Cracking "Card Neck" problem
In the path of the development of the "14th Five -Year Plan" industry,The most important thing is the "card neck" problem in the development of the industrial chain。This is an urgent demand for the high -quality development of my country's industry,It is the key to urgent in the development of the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" industry。Under the guidance of the innovation -driven development strategy my country,Efforts to consolidate the security basis for the development of the entire industrial chain,Strive to realize the key core technology of the industrial chain by 2025,Get rid of key technologies in the current development of high -tech industries sometimes be subject to the unfavorable situation of people,Help the high -quality development of emerging industries。
Wang Wen, Executive Dean of Renmin University of China Chongyang Financial Research Institute
Grasp the new requirements of urban development
The new requirements brought by the new development pattern to urban development are mainly reflected in: to accelerate the citizen of agricultural transfer population,Enhance the hub and strategic fulcrum of the metropolis circle and the urban agglomeration "dual cycle",Enhance the innovative source function of central cities,Cultivate more competitive urban agglomerations,Improve the equalization and accessibility of basic public services,Improve the modernization level of urban governance,Enhance the role of the "external internal couplet" of coastal cities。
-Wang Yiming, former deputy director of the Development Research Center of the State Council
Recognize new features of high levels of openness
The biggest feature of high levels of opening to the outside world is the convenience of commodity and investment、Liberalization reaches a high level、Perfect combination,For example, zero tariffs、Zero Farm、Zero subsidy, etc.,Make the Chinese market a hot land for foreign capital。Another feature is to create marketization、Internationalization、The business environment of rule of law,Tongren with domestic and foreign investment,constantly shorten the "negative list",Constantly improving the illegal cost and strike force of infringing intellectual property rights。
The former Deputy Minister of the Ministry of Commerce、Wei Jianguo, Vice Chairman of the China International Economic Exchange Center
"Henan Daily" (08 version of November 4, 2020)
Editor in charge: He Shan