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To deepen the spirit of the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Party,Help people better understand and improve the socialist system with Chinese characteristics、Various decision -making deployments that promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities,On the basis of extensive research,Sort out a major problem that 16 cadres and the masses care about,Organizing the relevant central departments and experts and scholars of the Organization of the Central Committee wrote the vulgar theoretical readings "China System Face"。This book is guided by Xi Jinping's new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics,Real in the construction of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics in the new era,Real in the thinking of the cadres and the masses is closely connected,Make a simple interpretation and interpretation,strive to be authoritative to be authoritative、Language is easy to understand、Fresh and simple text、Forms lively and diverse,can be used as cadres and masses、An important auxiliary readings for young students to conduct theoretical learning and carry out situation and policy education。
The theoretical Bureau of the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
July 2020
The Yangtze River and the Yellow River are endless,Divine Earth Change Star Transfer。5000 years、180 years、100 years、70 years、40 years、8 years ... on the time shaft of the rolling forward,These nodes tell the vicissitudes of the Chinese nation and the glory of suffering。General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out with a deep historical perspective: "The system and legal system of socialist socialism with Chinese characteristics are formed in long -term practice exploration,It is a great creation in the history of the civilization of the human system。"" "generations of Chinese Communists have long struggle、continuous exploration,Unremitting efforts to achieve the "governance of China"。
2019 Golden Autumn October,Fruits。The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee was held in Beijing,Review and approve the "CPC Central Committee on persistence and improve the socialist system with Chinese characteristics、Decision to promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities "(hereinafter referred to as" Decision "),Drawing the grand blueprint for the construction of the national system and the construction of the governance system in the new era。Standing on the junction point of history and future,People have a lot of exploration of the difficult exploration of the Chinese system,I sincerely admire the extensiveness of the Chinese system,It is extremely proud of the majesty of the Chinese system。
Seeking the sand in the first or down to see the gold
"All will be established,The system must not be inspected。"The so -called system,In general,Politics formed under certain historical conditions、Economy、Code and criteria for culture。History of human society development indicates,Any kind of society,Any country,Keep long -term stability、Gangwei orderly,There must be a stable and mature institutional system。It can be said,Dazhi of the World,It is an ideal that the people who have been in ancient times and the people who have been in ancient times。
The Chinese nation is the great nation in the world,It has created an unparalleled institutional civilization,Become a model for many countries in the world。According to historical records,The grand occasion of the tribute scene of the Sui and Tang dynasties,"Nine days open the palace,Wan Guo Yi Crown Crown Crown "is spectacular。After the world enters modern times,When a western Sky bet sports betting APP society is happening Sky bet sports betting APP a far -reaching industrial revolution and institutional revolution,Chinese society in the dream of "Tian Dynasty" dream,But still running forward with historical inertia。1793,Macauli led the British envoy to visit China,Facing the latest achievements and information of the Western Industrial Revolution they brought by them,Emperor Qianlong scratched it as "Qi Qi Qiao Qiao",Everything that happens in the West。
In the vast historical torrent,The dream of the Qing Dynasty was quickly poked。For a long time, the small farmer economy from self -sufficient、The feudal autocratic system that follows thousands of years has followed,Obviously behind the trend of development of the times,Not suitable for industrialized production,Losses in front of "Western Guns"。After 1840,Western powers have repeatedly launched the war of invasion of China,Due to the decay of the system at that time,Destined to the Chinese nation "40,000 people in tears,Where is the historical fate of Shenzhou "。For the danger of being in danger、Following the Building will lean,Advanced Chinese people propose "Shi Yi's long skills to make Yi",But Beiyang Marine Division's Sino -Japanese Sino -Japanese Sino -Sino -Sino -Sino -Sino -Sino -Sino -Sino -Sino -Sino -Sino -Sino -Sino -Supreme Losses,deeply awakened the Chinese,China's defeat is not as good as people,The root is not as good as the people。Since then,China has embarked on the road to institutional change exploration,I have tried the constitutional monarchy、Parliament、Multi -party system、Presidential system and other solutions,But all of them bump walls,End with failure。
Victory of the October Revolution in Russia,Make socialism from scientific theory into institutional reality,Let Chinese people who are unprecedented in the dark found a new system selection。But to establish such an advanced system in China,Must have an advanced political force to lead the leader。This mission has historically falling on the Communist Party of China。From the date of establishment of the party,Take the establishment of a socialist system as an unsatisfactory pursuit。In long -term revolutionary practice,Our party's revolutionary base in the local governance,Actively exploring the establishment of a social system that is suitable for the national conditions。Whether it is the "mutual aid cooperation movement" or the "system of workers, peasants and soldiers' congresses",Whether it is "three -three systems" or "bean selection method" ... These early practice contains socialist institutional factors and value propositions,Valuable experience has been accumulated for the establishment of a new national system。
Establishment of New China,Establishment of the basic socialist system,、Government and "four beams and eight pillars" of the national institutional system。System of the People's Congress、The multi -party cooperation and political consultation system led by the Communist Party of China、Autonomous System of Ethnic Region、Public ownership、Labor Insurance System ... Build a socialist system building in all directions。Of course,Due to the time when socialism is established in an oriental country like China, it is not long,Our system inevitably exists in some problems and deficiencies。囿 at the time of historical conditions,We failed to discover and eliminate the existing system problems in time,Global errors such as the "Cultural Revolution" also occurred,Severe damage to the system。1980,Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out when summing up the lessons of the "Cultural Revolution","Leading System、Organizational system issues are even more fundamental、global、stability and long -term ","Good system can make bad people unable to run freely,If the system is not good, it can make good people unable to do good deeds,Even going to the opposite "。
After Sky bet online sports betting APP download Sky bet online sports betting APP download reform and opening up,Our party on the basis of the experience of the establishment of the system in the summary system,Combining the "generalness" of the socialist system with the "special nature" of China's national conditions,Break and lift、Terminal Qingyuan,A set of socialist systems with Chinese characteristics。This system is effective for the past,Especially the fundamental system related to the nature of socialism,The flag insists on and consolidated。For example,Re -establish the party's ideological route,Put up four basic principles、Adhere to and improve the people's congress system、Adhere to democratic centralized system、Adhere to the party's absolute leadership of the people's army,Make sure that socialism in my country always moves along the correct direction。At the same time,Reform of the institutional mechanism that does not adapt to the development of social productivity,From the planned commodity economy to establishing and improving the socialist market economy system,From the reform of the party and the state leadership system to the establishment of a grass -roots mass autonomy system,From the reform of the technological system to the reform of the cultural system ... These "Chinese characteristics",greatly inspired the vitality of my country's socialist system。
After the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,Deeply changes in the environment of China and outside China,Specify new requirements for system reform。Compared to the past,The construction of the new era system is more to solve the problem of deep -seated system mechanisms,Systematic of reform、Publicity、Higher collaborative requirements,Create the rules and establish a system、The task of building a system is heavier。November 2013,The Third Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China adopted the "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on several major issues of comprehensive deepening reforms"; October 2019,The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Party adopted the "CPC Central Committee's persistence and improvement of socialist system with Chinese characteristics、Decision to promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities "。Two plenary sessions one by one with the session,It is the "Premier" for the construction of the new era。"Part 1" comprehensively promotes reforms in various fields,Clarifying the task book and focus of the system construction; the "next" system combed and integrated the system of the party and the country,Drawing a magnificent blueprint for adhering to and improving the socialist system with Chinese characteristics,It provides a strong system guarantee for the realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation。
"The righteousness of the world is vicissitudes。"The socialist system with Chinese characteristics is not dropped from the sky,It is not taken to think of it,but repeated explorations from theoretical to practice、Throughout the hard work formed。Look at it from the perspective of great history,From the Opium War, the feudal system of China's feudal system was "crumbling" to mature and setting of socialist system with Chinese characteristics in the middle of this century,Roughly divided into two stages。Established with New China as a node,The first stage is to point with socialism、Centennial seeking for the return,The second stage is socialism based on Chinese national conditions、Hundred -year revival of Chinese characteristics。
Looking back at China's establishment in modern times、The hard journey of creation,The Chinese people are struggling to pursue、Unremitting exploration、Relay struggle,The confusion of the mountains and rivers has been exhausted,There have been suffering that have been tried and defeated,There are lessons of copying photos,The joy of successful exploration,Write a awakening in the trap、Find in difficulties、Sticking the magnificent epic of innovation in China。
Two deep vomits vomit
"Spring wind proud horseshoe disease,Look Sky bet sports betting APP at Chang'an Flower in one day "" Dragons Tian She Lang,Mu Deng Tianzitang "" No one asked for ten years of cold windows,Knowing the world in one fell swoop "... These popular verses,It is a vivid portrayal of the title of countless cold gate scholars in ancient my country.。The imperial examination system starts from the Sui and Tang dynasties,It has been implemented for more than 1,300 years,closely linked the reading test with the official as an official,Breaking the monopoly of the privileges of the family and the great family,Open the channel for the lower elite to participate in politics,It plays an important role in the operation of the ancient feudal system in my country。At the same time,European countries are selected from officials,or the implementation of the aristocratic hereditary system、A monarch's gift system,or Personal Personal System、Political parties divide fertilizer,It is easy to bring disadvantages such as class solidification and power monopoly。The imperial examination system spreads to Europe,After the 18th century, it was favored by Western countries,Then I was imitated and borrowed,Direct source of becoming a modern Western civilian official system。British person who has lived in China amazed,The imperial examination system is a great institutional invention,It can be made with ancient Chinese paper creation、Guidelines、The invention of gunpowder is comparable。
"The World will Xingbi,Its accumulation must be active。"In the historical evolution of thousands of years in my country,Breeding and forming a rich thought on the national system and governance。Zhou Li formed more than 1,000 BC、Weekly,"After the country、Dingshe、Preface to people、Blood Hou Ye ",Effectively ensured the "national long" of the Zhou Dynasty in 800; from the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods to the Qin Dynasty unified,A relatively complete feudal system has been established for hundreds of years,Inheritance in the imperial power、Centralization of centralization、Official、Rites、Land and other aspects formed a whole set of institutional systems,It has affected the historical process of China for more than 2000 years。As Comrade Mao Zedong said,"Every generation of the Qin Political Affairs"。
"Knowing the Institute never,Thinking will go。"Institutional construction of any country,It is inseparable from the historical heritage and cultural soil of this country。To the depth of history,Many systems today can be found。
For example,"Six Contract Wind、Kyushu co -concentration "concept。Since the Qin and Han dynasties,my country has formed the "domestic county、The Laws of the Laws by Unification,No matter how the dynasty replace it,The basic framework of national governance can be continued,Become a "ultra -stable structure"。Just use the text,From the Qin Dynasty's "Car Tibetan、Books The same article "Start,Chinese people in Tiannan, south and north for thousands of years,But the text is similar,This becomes a unity of the country、Cultural bonds and psychological foundations that enhance national identity。Even in the war dispute、Period of regime cutting,"Sword Suddenly Chuan Jibei,First smelling tears full of clothes "" Wang Shibei Ding Central Plains Day,Family Ceremony No Forgotten Nai Weng ",It also becomes the strongest expression of the country's unity。
For example,"Min Weibangben、Ben Gubangning's People's Thoughts。In ancient my country,The people of Li Min are the source of clothing and clothing for the ruling class,is the fundamental foundation that supports the operation of the country。At the same time,The ruler also saw the power of the people from the previous peasant uprising,Understand "Water can carry boats,Can also cover the boat "。Therefore,sky bet online casino Since ancient times, there has been the concept of Sky bet football governing the country with "people and noble monarchs" and "those who win the hearts of the people"。
For example,"Defenda Auxiliary、Mingde Careful Punishment System。The ancients used "rituals and integrity" as the four dimensions of the country,All aspects of social life。"Pipe" proposed,"Four dimensions do not open,Guo Nai Die "。This sentence emphasizes,"Religion and Righteousness and Homes" is vital to the country's survival and development。After the Sui and Tang dynasties,There are ceremonies in the dynasties,Specializing in the national chapter method、Sacrifice activities and imperial examinations,For the maintenance of feudal ritual law、Stabilizing the hearts of the world played an important role。
For example,"Delica Tour Hunt、Putting Outline "inspection system。As early as the Western Zhou Dynasty,An official "Fang Bo" was set up,inspect and monitor the princes; Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty,Created a system of assassination history,Supervise and control local counties and counties; after the Sui and Tang dynasties,Specialist to monitor the Royal History,Get in charge of monitoring Bai Guan、Patrol county and other affairs; during the Ming and Qing Dynasties,The main responsibilities of the Eighth Fu Tour is to inspect the provinces、Evaluation officials。my country's feudal social inspection system is relatively mature and complete,Patrol officials are great authority,"Royal History Patrol,Di Moshan Shake "" Eight Fu Pan Press,Hands holding Shangfang Sword,Eight -faced prestige "。Di Renjie, who is well known、Bao Zheng、Hai Rui and other Royal Shiqing official iron faces、punish evil to Yanghan,Their story has been presented as a beautiful talk about today。
"The mirror is",Ancient things, so I know today。"In the endless Chinese history,The ancients took it endlessly with their wisdom、The inexhaustible political resources,It provides an important mirrorbook for improving the national system and governance system today。
Sanyi Pulse shaped the vitality
In the late 1980s and early 1980s,The situation in the international situation changes, especially the disintegration of the Soviet Union、Eastern European drama changes,When the World Socialist Movement falls into a low tide,Some foreign people asserted that "the socialism has fallen" and "the communist end is ended",Some people in China have questioned "How long can the red flag be played"。Facing this situation of "Black Cloud Press the City" situation,Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out firmly,Don't think Marxism disappears,Not useful,Failure。How can there be this! We are full of confidence in the future of socialism。30 years of fingertips a wave。Today,When we relive that history,You can clearly see,After the baptism of the times,Socialist Banner with Chinese characteristics not only stabilizes,And get higher,Scientific socialism glows with new vitality in China,The superiority of the socialist system is fully demonstrated in China。
The published by the British Thomas Moore "Utopia" in 1516 as a sign,Socialism Birth,After thinking about science、From theoretical to practice、From one country to multiple countries,History of historical dramas that interpret a scene of the success and failure of the scene。Marx、Engels has a lot of ideas for the socialist system,But most of them are just ideas and principles,I haven't really put it into practice。The Soviet Union as the first socialist country in human history,Explore many experience in system construction,But then gradually moved towards rigidity,Then I changed the flag in the change,deviate from the correct direction,until the dead of the party。
Chinese people choose socialism,is the inevitable of history。But how to build socialism,Give play to the advantages of the socialist system,Make sky bet online sports betting the country develop faster,But it is a brand sky bet online casino new topic。For more than 70 years of the founding of New China,Our party leads the people to combine the basic principles of scientific socialism with the specific practical of China,Entering a unique system of institutional exploration。
"Thousands of high -rise buildings upside down",We are the road to explore the system in a country with inadequate development of social productivity。The socialist system as a more advanced institutional form,Generally, it is an inevitable product of capitalism to a certain stage,It is based on the highly developed economic and cultural development。But in reality,The establishment of the socialist system is the first realization of the country with a backward economy and culture。At the beginning of the founding of New China,my country is one of the most poor and backward countries in the world,The economic foundation is very weak。How to get rid of the poor situation of poverty as soon as possible,The most fundamental is to vigorously liberate and develop productive forces。For more than 70 years,Our party attaches great importance to economic construction,firmly twisting the theme of development without relaxation,Created a miracle in the history of human economy,The superiority of the socialist system is fully reflected。
"Hundreds of Fighting Fighting Thousand Sails",We are the road to exploring the system in the imbalanced country。The essence of socialism,Just to eliminate the polarization,Finally reached common prosperity。my country Veterans,Different natural endowments and development foundations between regions,Large difference in urban and rural areas,"Relaxing one、Together with the head "is unrealistic、Impossible。For more than 40 years of Sky bet online sports betting APP download Sky bet online sports betting APP download reform and opening up,The relationship between our party properly handles fairness and efficiency,Adopt a non -balanced development strategy,Encourage some areas and some people to get rich first,With the first rich belt and then rich,Gradually realize common prosperity。Establish a special economic zone、Open cities along the coast along the coast、Active policies such as township enterprises and private economy,Put the Eastern Region to develop。years,The country continues to increase transfer payment、Starting for poverty alleviation,Promoting the development of relatively backward productivity areas。
"Promotion of millions of workers and peasants",We are the road to explore the system under the conditions of a large population。Data Show of the National Bureau of Statistics,As of the end of 2019,my country's total population has exceeded 1.4 billion。Modernization of countries with such a large population scale,There is never before human history。17th century,When the Netherlands rose, the population was one million; the 19th century,When the British rose, the population was tens of millions; 20th century,The population is hundreds of millions of levels when the rise of the United States。How to combine socialist construction with more than 1 billion -level population specific national conditions,The pressure of the population is the driving force for development,Is a huge challenge。Our party relies on strong organizational mobilization capabilities,Unite and lead the people to do their hearts,Gel the majestic power to build socialism。
"Random clouds still calmly",We are the road to exploring the system in the international environment of waves and clouds。From the perspective of the history of world socialism in the past century,Although the power of capitalism and socialism has longed for,But the international pattern of "weaker" in the "weaker" of the "strong community" has not fundamentally changed。"360 days a year,Wind Sword Frost Sword Sword。"Socialist China from its establishment to development,It has been in the harsh international environment for a long sky bet online casino time,can be described as survival in the gap、Personal development under Sky bet sports betting APP pressure。Facing the blockade of capitalism and curbing and curbing suppression,We always insist on independence、Self -reliance、Hard struggle,firmly take your own way,"Ren Doufeng and waves,Sitting in a fishing boat "。In the long -term and competition of the two social systems,We not only survive,It also develops step by step。
Si Hai Na Naiba Chuan and Harmony
"The stone of his mountain,You can attack jade。"" Open the history of human civilization, you can see,Any civilization cannot develop independently in self -closed,You need to learn and absorb the outstanding achievements of other civilizations to develop and improve yourself。From the perspective of ancient my country,The Tang Dynasty "China since ancient times, China,狄 狄,The broad -minded mind of love is like one ",Achieved Datang's prosperous age; the Qing Dynasty because of the "Tianchao products abundant,Everything,The narrow eyes that were not used to use foreign goods to use without ",Leading backward and beating。The truth is not arguing。
Building socialism on the basis of relatively backward economic and cultural,Can't copy photos,Can't imagine suddenly moved to a "Feilai Peak",Must start from the national conditions,Starting from actual,Persist in me as the main、I used it for me,Absorbing from other civilized achievements to develop itself。The socialist system with Chinese characteristics is based on national conditions、Facing the world,Naturally has an open and inclusive character,Good at learning from the civilization results of other countries in the world including capitalist countries,Constantly self -development and improvement in the elders of the Bocai。
From the perspective of the successful experience of learning socialist countries。Early in the founding of New China,Due to the lack of experience in socialist revolution and construction,We use Su as a teacher,Take the Soviets' Road。There was such a statement at the time,"The Soviet Union is today is our tomorrow" "The Soviet Union is the model we learn"。Learn from the Soviet Union through learning,my country has completed socialist transformation in a short period of time,Established a socialist system,Large -scale construction,Consolidated the new people's regime。
Let's learn the useful results of learning capitalist countries。For hundreds of years since the Industrial Revolution,Some capitalist countries in the West are in the economy、Technology and other aspects accumulated rich experience,Many civilized achievements have been achieved。Many of them are not exclusive to capitalism,but the common results of human civilization,It is also useful for socialism。After Sky bet online sports betting APP download Sky bet online sports betting APP download reform and opening up,my country's socialist market economy,It also borrowed some advanced practices in Western countries。From the introduction of modern production lines to implementing professional manager system,From the establishment of the capital market to the shareholding reform,From communication technology to the development of the Internet ... These "exotic products",Introduced by introducing、digestion、After absorption and innovation development,In the tide of the socialist market economy in my country, "rooting and germination", "leafy leaves",Effectively promoted my country's economic leapfrog development。
Lenin once said,Construction of socialism is like climbing a climbing without exploration、Alpine。The socialist system with Chinese characteristics is not easy to come,It is inherited from the long history of the Chinese nation,It is found from the deep sufferings,It created from our party's continued struggle for nearly a century,The process is extremely difficult,Its results are extremely brilliant。Among the Qianqiu Weiye of National Revival,Unremitting efforts of the Chinese Communists Sky bet football through generations of generations,The socialist system with Sky bet sports betting APP the history of the history of the history will be promoted。
Deep reading
1. "The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on adhere to and improves the socialist system with Chinese characteristics、Decision to promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities ",People's Publishing House 2019 edition。
2. Xi Jinping: "The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on persistence and improvement of socialist system with Chinese characteristics、Decision of Promoting the National Governance System and Governance Capability Several Modernizations "instructions","People's Daily" November 6, 2019。
Editor in charge: Wang Shiyang