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The 9th issue of "Qiushi" magazine in 2019 published "Exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations is an important driving force to promote the progress of human civilization and the peaceful development of the world",This is President Xi Jinping’s speech at the UNESCO Headquarters on March 27, 2014。President Xi pointed out in this article,Exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations,Is an important driving force to promote the progress of human civilization and the peaceful development of the world。
In this speech,President Xi quoted from many sources,Besides allusions to poetry and dictionary,Also mentioned the distinctive cultural symbols at home and abroad:
Louvre Museum, France、Chichen Itza of the ancient Mayan civilization、The ancient city of Samarkand in Central Asia...
China’s Ancient Silk Road、Buddhism、Qin Terracotta Warriors、Forbidden City、Famen Temple...
How should we treat these colorful achievements of civilization?President Xi said this in his speech——
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President Xi’s speech,Profoundly demonstrated the importance of exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations for world peace and development。Building emotional bonds through civilized exchanges and mutual learning,Work together to build a community with a shared future for mankind,Develop scientific undertakings、Education、Cultural undertakings,Only then can we look forward to a more meaningful spiritual life、Visions of peaceful development with more win-win cooperation。Please follow the note to appreciate this classic!
March 27, 2014,President Xi Jinping delivered an important speech at the UNESCO Headquarters in Paris。 Xinhua News Agency reporter Yao Dawei/Photograph
Exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations are an important driving force for the progress of human civilization and world peace and development
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Opportunity to come to UNESCO Headquarters,Feeling very happy。First,I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Ms Bokova for her re-election as Director-General of UNESCO,Express heartfelt congratulations!For UNESCO’s outstanding contribution to promoting exchanges and mutual learning among human civilizations,express my sincere respect!
UNESCO was born 69 years ago,At that time, the smoke of the world’s anti-fascist war had just dissipated。Facing the tragic consequences of war on mankind,Mankind once again reflects on the true meaning of war and peace。Thousands of years,Human beings all dream of lasting peace,But war has always accompanied the development of mankind like a ghost。At this moment,Many children in the world are living in fear of war。We must make efforts,Keep war away from humans,Let children all over the world grow up happily under the sunshine of peace。
On the stone tablet in front of the UNESCO headquarters building,Engraved with this sentence in multiple languages:“War originates from the mind of man,Therefore, it is necessary to build a barrier to protect peace in people’s minds。”
As long as the people of the world firmly believe in the concept of peace in their hearts、Raising the sails of peace,Can form a powerful force to prevent and oppose war。People hope to communicate through civilization、Equal Education、Popular Science,Eliminate the barriers、Prejudice、Hate,Sowing the seeds of peace。This is the original intention of UNESCO.
Such an expectation,Such a longing,This is what we still have to stick to today。Not only must we stick to it,And through cross-border、Across time and space、Inter-civilizational education、Technology、Cultural activities,Let the seeds of peace take root and sprout in the hearts of people around the world,Let the planet we live together grow into peaceful forests one after another。
Since its establishment in 1945,UNESCO faithfully fulfills its mission,In enhancing mutual understanding and trust among people around the world、Remitting efforts have been made to promote exchanges and mutual learning among different civilizations。China attaches great importance to cooperation with UNESCO,Willing to increase participation in various UNESCO activities。To show support and help to Africa,We have decided to expand the number of Great Wall Scholarships provided to developing countries, including African countries, through UNESCO from 25 to 75 per year,We will also work with UNESCO to continue the activities of the Trust Fund for Africa。
"Study notes" note: at the beginning of the speech,President Xi has explained UNESCO’s lofty mission,Affirmed UNESCO’s contribution to promoting exchanges and mutual learning among human civilizations,And by telling the original intention of the establishment of this organization,Emphasized the importance of exchanges and mutual learning between civilizations for world peace and development。
Civilization is colorful because of exchanges,Civilizations are enriched by mutual learning。Exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations,Is an important driving force to promote the progress of human civilization and the peaceful development of the world。
"Study Notes" Note: Here comes the golden sentence!“Exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations,Is an important driving force to promote the progress of human civilization and the peaceful development of the world。”President Xi’s words can illustrate the purpose of this speech。Then,What attitudes and principles should we adopt to promote exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations?See what Chairman Xi said——
Promote exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations,Need to uphold the correct attitude and principles。I think,The most important thing is to adhere to the following points。
First,Civilization is colorful,Human civilization has the value of exchanges and mutual learning because of its diversity。Sunlight has seven colors,The world is also colorful。The civilization of a country and a nation is the collective memory of a country and a nation。Human beings in the long history,Created and developed colorful civilizations。From eating hair and drinking blood to farming in the countryside,From the industrial revolution to the information society,Constitute a magnificent civilization map,Written a stirring chapter of civilization。
"One flower blooming alone is not spring, but a hundred flowers blooming together fills the garden."If there was only one kind of flower in the world,No matter how beautiful this flower is,That is also monotonous。Whether it is Chinese civilization,Or other civilizations that exist in the world,They are all the achievements of human civilization。
I visited the Louvre in France,Also visited the National Palace Museum of China,They contain millions of art treasures,What attracts people’s attention is the diverse achievements of civilization displayed。Exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations should not be premised on exclusive respect for a certain civilization or derogation of a certain civilization。The Chinese realized that “things are not equal” more than 2,000 years ago,The principle of "love of things"。Promote exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations,Can enrich the color of human civilization,Let people of all countries enjoy a more meaningful spiritual life、Create a more selective future。
Second,Civilization is equal,Human civilization has the prerequisite for exchanges and mutual learning because of equality。All human civilizations are equal in value,Everyone has his or her own merits,Each has its own shortcomings。There is no perfect civilization in the world,There is no such thing as a useless civilization,There is no level of civilization、Pros and cons。
I have visited many places in the world,One of my favorite things to do is to learn about different civilizations on the five continents,Understand how these civilizations differ from other civilizations、Uniqueness,Understand the worldview of the people who lived in these civilizations、View of life、Values。I have been to Chichen Itza, which represents the ancient Mayan civilization,Also visited Samarkand, an ancient city in Central Asia with a strong Islamic civilization。I feel deeply,To understand the true meaning of various civilizations,Equality must be upheld、Humble attitude。If you treat a civilization condescendingly,Not only cannot we understand the mystery of this civilization,And it will be incompatible with it。History and reality both show,Pride and prejudice are the biggest obstacles to exchanges and mutual learning between civilizations。
Third,Civilization is inclusive,Human civilization has the power to communicate and learn from each other because of tolerance。The sea is open to all rivers,Tolerance is great。The various civilizations created by human beings are the crystallization of labor and wisdom。Every civilization is unique。On the issue of civilization,Copying it mechanically、Cutting your feet to fit your shoes is not only impossible,And it is very harmful。All achievements of civilization are worthy of respect,All achievements of civilization must be cherished。
History tells us,Only communication and mutual learning,A civilization can be full of vitality。As long as we uphold the spirit of tolerance,There is no such thing as a "clash of civilizations",Civilized harmony can be achieved。This is what the Chinese often say: "radish greens",Everyone has their own preferences。”
"Study Notes" Note: How should we view the characteristics of civilization?President Xi quoted the old saying “Everything is not equal”,The love of things" and the ancient poem "A flower blooming alone is not spring,Let a hundred flowers bloom and spring fills the garden” to describe the diversity of civilizations,Using the saying "radish greens",Everyone has his own preferences” to discuss the inclusiveness of civilization,I used metaphors many times,"Sunlight has seven colors,The world is also colorful” “If there was only one kind of flower in the world,No matter how beautiful this flower is,That’s monotonous too”。Every word is expressed with heart and emotion,Speakingly,Highly contagious and persuasive。
Recognize the characteristics of civilization,You can better understand the correct attitudes and principles that need to be upheld to promote exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations;Understood attitudes and principles,In order to promote the practice of exchanges and mutual learning between civilizations。
Chinese civilization has experienced more than Sky bet sports betting Sky bet football APP 5,000 years of historical changes,But always the same strain,The deepest spiritual pursuit of the Chinese nation,Represents the unique spiritual logo of the Chinese nation,Live forever for the Chinese nation、Development and growth provide rich nourishment。Chinese civilization is a civilization that emerged on the land of China,It is also a civilization formed by continuous exchanges and mutual learning with other civilizations。
More than 100 BC,China began to open up the route to the Western RegionsSilk Road。Zhang Qian of the Han Dynasty made two missions to the Western Regions in 138 and 119 BC,Spread Chinese culture to the Western Regions,Grapes were also introduced、Alfalfa、Pomegranate、Flax、Sesame and other cultural achievements of the Western Regions。Western Han Dynasty,China’s fleet has arrived in India and Sri Lanka,Exchanged Chinese silk for colored glaze、Pearls and other items。China’s Tang Dynasty was an active period of foreign exchanges in Chinese history。According to historical records,In the Tang Dynasty, China’s envoys had good relations with more than 70 countries,Envoys from various countries in Chang'an, the capital at that time、Businessman、International students gather in groups。This great exchange has promoted Chinese culture to spread far and wide around the world,It also promoted the introduction of cultures and products from various countries into China。Early 15th century,Zheng He, the famous navigator of the Ming Dynasty, made seven ocean voyages,Arrived in many countries in Southeast Asia,All the way to Kenya on the east coast of Africa,Left behind a good story of friendly exchanges between China and the people of other countries along the way。Late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty,Chinese people actively learn modern scientific and technological knowledge,Astronomy in Europe、Medicine、Mathematics、Geometry、Geography knowledge has been introduced into China,Broaden the knowledge horizons of Chinese people。After,Exchanges and mutual learning between Chinese and foreign civilizations are becoming more frequent,There is a conflict、Contradiction、fusion、Deny,But it’s more about learning、Digestion、fusion、Innovation。
BuddhismOriginated in ancient India,But after being introduced to China,After long-term evolution,The integration and development of Buddhism, Chinese Confucian culture and Taoist culture,Finally formed a Buddhist culture with Chinese characteristics,Religious beliefs for Chinese people、Philosophical concepts、Literature and Art、Etiquette and customs left a profound impact。Xuan Zang of the Tang Dynasty in China traveled westward to seek Buddhist scriptures,Going through hardships,Reflects the tenacity of the Chinese people to learn from foreign cultures。The mythological novel "Journey to the West" based on his story,I think everyone knows。The Chinese developed Buddhist thought based on Chinese culture,Formed a unique Buddhist theory,And spread Buddhism from China to Japan、South Korea、Southeast Asia and other places。
Over 2000 years,Buddhism、Islam、Christianity and others were introduced to China,Chinese music, painting, literatureWe are also constantly absorbing the advantages of foreign civilizations。The integration and innovation of traditional Chinese painting methods and Western oil paintings,The unique charm of Chinese freehand oil painting has been formed,The works of Xu Beihong and other masters are widely appreciated。China’s papermaking, gunpowder, printing and compassFour great inventions have led to changes in the world,Promoted the European Renaissance。Chinese philosophy, literature, medicine, silk, porcelain, teaAnd so on, it was introduced to the West and penetrated into the daily life of Western people."The Travels of Marco Polo"It makes countless people yearn for China.
As we all know, China hasQin Terracotta Warriors,People call it "the underground legion"。French President Chirac said after visiting: "Don't look at the pyramids,Not really been to Egypt。Don’t look at the Qin Terracotta Warriors,Not really been to China。”1987,This Chinese cultural treasure that has been sealed for more than 2,000 years is listed as a World Cultural Heritage。China also has a large number of civilization achievements that have been listed as world cultural heritage by UNESCO、World Intangible Cultural Heritage、Memory of the World Heritage List。here,I would like to express my gratitude to UNESCO for its contribution to the preservation and dissemination of Chinese civilization,Express heartfelt thanks!
"Study Notes" Note: President Xi told the world about the 5,000-year historical changes of Chinese civilization,The brilliant civilizational achievements formed by long-term exchanges and mutual learning with other civilizations: the Silk Road、Buddhism、Specific images of Chinese civilization such as Qin Terracotta Warriors,Let the audience truly feel the Chinese civilization - this long-standing civilization is also blending with other civilizations、During collision,Only achieved accelerated development。
,China insists on deepening reform and opening up,Facing the world’s development trends,Promote the implementation of the “One Belt, One Road” initiative,Promote peaceful development、Open and win-win,Promote the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind,Objectively, it provides greater space for exchanges and mutual learning between civilizations,This also reflects the positive attitude of a big country towards exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations。
Today’s world,Human beings live in different cultures、Race、Skin color、In a world composed of religions and different social systems,People of all countries have formed the "You and I"、You are among meCommunity of destiny。
The Chinese have long understood this“Harmonious but different”The truth。Zuo Qiuming, a Chinese historian who lived 2,500 years ago, recorded a passage about "harmony" by Yan Zi, a senior official in Qi State, in "Zuo Zhuan": "Harmony is like soup,Water、Fire、醯、醢、Salt、梅,To cook fish。”“Sound is also like taste,Yi Qi,Two bodies,Category Three,四物,Five tones,Six Laws,Qiyin,Eight Winds,Nine Songs,To complement each other。”“If you use water to help water,Who can eat it?Ruo Qinse’s Special One,Who can listen?”
There are more than 200 countries and regions in the world,More than 2500 ethnic groups and multiple religions。If there is only one way of life,Only one language,Only one kind of music,Only one kind of clothing,That is unthinkable。
Hugo said,The widest sky bet online casino sky bet online casino in the world is the ocean,The sky is wider than the ocean,Broader than the sky is the human mind。Treat different civilizations,We need a mind wider than the sky。Civilization is like water,Moisturize things silently。We should promote mutual respect among different civilizations、Harmonious coexistence,Let exchanges and mutual learning between civilizations become a bridge to enhance friendship between people of all countries、The driving force that promotes the progress of human society、The bond that maintains world peace。We should seek wisdom from different civilizations、Absorb nutrition,Provide people with spiritual support and spiritual comfort,Work together to solve various challenges faced by mankind。
1987,Famen Temple in Shaanxi, China,20 pieces of beautiful glassware were unearthed from the underground palace,This is an Eastern Roman and Islamic glassware introduced to China in the Tang Dynasty。While appreciating these foreign cultural relics,Being thinking about a question,That’s itTreat different civilizations,Don’t just be satisfied with admiring the beautiful objects they produce,We should appreciate the humanistic spirit contained in it;Can’t just be satisfied with appreciating their artistic expressions of people’s lives in the past,We should make the spirit contained in it come alive。
Napoleon once said,There are two powers in the world: sword and thought;In the long run,The sword is always defeated by thought。We must actively develop education,Through universal education,Enlighten the mind,Inherited knowledge,Cultivation of sentiment,Making people sustainableStudying things to achieve knowledgeBetter understand the value of various civilizations,Let education serve the inheritance and creation of civilization。We must vigorously develop science and technology,Through scientific and technological progress and innovation,Know yourself,Understand the world,Transforming society,Making people sustainableTiangongkaiwuBetter master scientific and technological knowledge and skills,Let technology benefit mankind。We must vigorously promote the development of cultural undertakings,Through cultural exchange,Expand your horizons,Expand your horizons,Enhance consensus,Let people continueCultural peopleImprove literacy and let culture help human progress.
"Study Notes" Notes: "Studying things to gain knowledge", "Tiangong opens things" and "Cultivating people",These three words correspond to education、Science、The development direction of cultural undertakings,Reflects President Xi’s beautiful vision for the development of UNESCO。
The Chinese people are striving to realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation。Realizing the Chinese Dream of the Great Rejuvenation of the Chinese Nation,It is to achieve national prosperity、National revitalization、People’s happiness,It deeply embodies the ideals of today’s Chinese people,It also deeply reflects the glorious tradition of the Chinese people’s unremitting pursuit of progress since ancient times。
Realizing the Chinese Dream,It is the balanced development of material civilization and spiritual civilization、The result of mutual promotion。There is no inheritance and development of civilization,Sky bet sports betting APP There is no promotion Sky bet football and prosperity of culture,There is no realization of the Chinese dream。The ancestors of the Chinese nation have long longed for people's material life to be fulfilling and worry-free、A world of great harmony with fully sublimated moral realm。Chinese civilization has always incorporated people’s spiritual life into life and social ideals。So,Realizing the Chinese Dream,It is the development process of material civilization and spiritual civilization flying side by side。With the continuous development of China’s economy and society,Chinese civilization will also adapt to the development of the times and glow with more vigorous vitality。
Every civilization continues the spiritual blood of a country and nation,Need to pass on the firepower、Guard from generation to generation,It is more necessary to keep pace with the times、Be brave in innovation。The Chinese people are in the process of realizing the Chinese dream,Will follow the new progress of the times,Promote the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese civilization,Activate its vitality,Across time and space、Beyond the Kingdom、Eternal charm、Promote the cultural spirit with contemporary value,Let the cultural relics collected in the museum、Heritage displayed on the vast land、The words written in ancient books come alive,Let Chinese civilization join the rich and colorful civilizations created by people from all over the world,Provide human beings with correct spiritual guidance and powerful spiritual power。
"Study Notes" Note: "We should seek wisdom from different civilizations、Absorb nutrition,Provide people with spiritual support and spiritual comfort,Work together to solve various challenges faced by mankind。”In recent years,China actively moves towards the world,Integrating into world development,Making significant contributions to exchanges and mutual learning among world civilizations。Forum on China-Africa Cooperation Beijing Summit、The first China International Import Expo,To the 2nd “Belt and Road” International Cooperation Summit Forum、World Horticultural Exposition Beijing, China,And then to the upcoming Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations initiated by President Xi...China is leading the progress of human civilization with practical actions,Showing that we share weal and woe with all countries in the world、Full sincerity of a shared destiny。
"It's easy to know the Dongfeng side,Everything is always spring。”Next year is the 70th anniversary of UNESCO,I believe,Under the leadership of Director General Bokova,UNESCO will definitely be able to promote exchanges and mutual learning among human civilizations、Promote world peace and write a new chapter。
(This is President Xi Jinping’s speech at the UNESCO Headquarters on March 27, 2014。)
Summary: Historical Development、Prosperous civilization、Human progress,Never without ideological guidance。Only by transcending barriers and conflicts,Leverage the power of civilizational exchanges and mutual learning,Only we can create a better life,The light of human civilization will be brighter and brighter。
Editor: Wang Shiyang